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When we take communion are we receiving the actual body and blood of Christ, or is it symbolic?

June 28, 2026:

Today’s Question:

When We Take Communion, Are We Receiving the Actual Body and Blood of Christ, or Is It a Symbolic Remembrance of His Sacrifice?  

At the Lord's Table, We Reverently Remember His Sacrifice, Proclaim His Death, and Celebrate His Victory

View One: The Bread and the Cup of the Lord's Table Symbolize the Body and Blood of Jesus

(View held by Protestants with the exception of some Lutherans)

View Two: The Bread and the Cup of the Lord’s Table Literally Become the Body and Blood of Jesus

(View held by Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, and some Lutherans)

What Did Jesus Mean When He Said We Must Eat His Flesh and Drink His Blood to Have Eternal Life?

John 6:52 Then the Jews began to argue sharply among themselves, “How can this man give us his flesh to eat?” New International Version

John 6:53 Jesus said to them, “Very truly I tell you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you have no life in you. New International Version

John 6:54 Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life (John 3:16, 36, 5:24, 6:40, 47, John 11:25-26, John 20:31), and I will raise them up at the last day 55 For my flesh is real food and my blood is real drink. New International Version

John 6:40 For my Father’s will is that everyone who looks to the Son and believes in him shall have eternal life, and I will raise them up at the last day.” New International Version

John 6:47 Very truly I tell you, the one who believes has eternal life. 48 I am the bread of life. New International Version

John 20:30 And truly Jesus did many other signs in the presence of His disciples, which are not written in this book; 31 but these are written that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life in His name. New King James Version

What Did Jesus Mean at the Last Supper When He Said This is My Body and This is My Cup?

1 Corinthians 10:17 For we, though many, are one bread and one body; for we all partake of that one bread. New King James Version  

1 Corinthians 11:17 Now in giving these instructions I do not praise you, since you come together not for the better but for the worse. New King James Version  

1 Corinthians 11:23 For I received from the Lord that which I also delivered to you: that the Lord Jesus on the same night in which He was betrayed took bread; New King James Version

1 Corinthians 11:24 and when He had given thanks, He broke it and said, “Take, eat; this is My body which is broken for you; do this in remembrance of Me.” New King James Version  

1 Corinthians 11:25 In the same manner He also took the cup after supper, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in My blood. This do, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me.” New King James Version

1 Corinthians 11:26 For as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death till He comes. New King James Version

1 Corinthians 11:29 For he who eats and drinks in an unworthy manner eats and drinks judgment to himself, not discerning the Lord’s body. New King James Version

Does Jesus Need to Be Sacrificed Over and Over Again, even in a Sacramental Sense?

Hebrews 9:27 And just as each person is destined to die once and after that comes judgment, 28 so also Christ was offered once for all time as a sacrifice to take away the sins of many people. He will come again, not to deal with our sins, but to bring salvation to all who are eagerly waiting for him. New Living Translation  

Hebrews 10:12 But when this priest (Jesus) had offered for all time one sacrifice for sins, he sat down at the right hand of God, 13 and since that time he waits for his enemies to be made his footstool. New International Version

Hebrews 10:14 For by one sacrifice he has made perfect forever those who are being made holy. New International Version